classification of organism on the basis of symmetry
classification of organisms on the basis of symmetry
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Explain Skull
Explain Skull
Explain APPENDICULAR SKELETOM ?
Explain APPENDICULAR SKELETOM ?
Explain the AXIAL SKELETON.
AXIAL SKELETON
Types of HUMAN SKELETAL SYSTEM
Types of HUMAN SKELETAL SYSTEM
What is HUMAN SKELETAL SYSTEM
Explain HUMAN SKELETAL SYSTEM
Can Apples float in water ?
Can Apples float in water ?
What is The highest recorded body temperature at which a human can survived ?
What is The highest recorded body temperature at which a human can survived ?
Which is strongest muscle in human body
Which is strongest muscle in human body
What is HIV/AIDS?
Explain HIV/AIDS.
Does Plants are capable of recognizing their siblings?
Does Plants are capable of recognizing their siblings?
Does Oysters change their sex?
Does Oysters change their sex?
Which is most poisonous vertebrate in world?
Which is most poisonous vertebrate in world?
How much time Common cold virus can survive outside the body?
How much time Common cold virus can survive outside the body?
Can a person live with one lungs ?
Can a person live with one lung ?
Can Our lungs are float on water?
Can Our lungs are float on water?
What is alveoli?
What is alveoli?
What is neuroplasticity?
What is neuroplasticity?
Why do we talk in our steep? Why we see unknown faces in the dream?
Why do we talk in our steep? Why we see unknown faces in the dream?
What are paracetamol and steroidal drugs and how do they work?
What are paracetamol and steroidal drugs and how do they work?
There are several types of enzyme catalysed reactions. In one type of enzyme catalysed reaction, in addition to the catalytic site to which the substrate (X) binds, the enzyme also has a site to which some other substance (Y) can bind. When Y binds to such an enzyme, the enzyme can still bind to the substrate but cannot convert it to the product. Which of the following will occur in such a case?
There are several types of enzyme catalysed reactions. In
one type of enzyme catalysed reaction, in addition to the
catalytic site to which the substrate (X) binds, the enzyme
also has a site to which some other substance (Y) can bind.
When Y binds to such an enzyme, the enzyme can still bind
to the substrate but cannot convert it to the product. Which
of the following will occur in such a case?
In an experiment, E. coli cells growing at 37°C were shifted to 20°C and grown for a few generations. Which of the following changes in the membrane would help the E. coli cells adapt to the new environment?
In an experiment, E. coli cells growing at 37°C were shifted to 20°C and grown for a few generations. Which of the
following changes in the membrane would help the E. coli cells adapt to the new environment?
A cladogram that classifies five species (M, N, O, P and Q) is shown below.Which of the six dots in the cladogram corresponds to the most recent common ancestor of N and P?
A cladogram that classifies five species (M, N, O, P and Q) is shown below.Which of the six dots in the cladogram corresponds to the most recent common ancestor of N and P?
During the growth of marine fish, initially, yolk sac and skin are the principal sites where transport protein ‘x’ is located. Later, skin and gills become principal sites and finally ‘x’ becomes localised to gills. The protein ‘x’ is
During the growth of marine fish, initially, yolk sac and skin are the principal sites where transport protein ‘x’ is located. Later, skin and gills become principal sites and finally ‘x’ becomes localised to gills. The protein ‘x’ is
What kind of assisted reproductive technology should be prescribed if the male partner of a couple has very low sperm count?
What kind of assisted reproductive technology should be prescribed if the male partner of a couple has very low sperm count?
What is the function of combined contraceptive pills?
What is the function of combined contraceptive pills?
What is the permanent methods of birth control in male and female?
What is the permanent methods of birth control in male and female?
Explain the steps in seed formation after a double fertilization in angiosperm.
Explain the steps in seed formation after a double fertilization in angiosperm.
Why the event of fertilisation in angiosperms is called double fertilisation?
Why the event of fertilisation in angiosperms is called double fertilisation?
Describe the sequence and process of oogenesis in schematic representation in humen female
Describe the sequence and process of oogenesis in schematic representation in humen female
When fetal ejection reflex pccurs> Explain the roles of diiferent hormones during parturition.
When fetal ejection reflex pccurs> Explain the roles of diiferent hormones during parturition.
How does the placenta develop in human female?
How does the placenta develop in human female?
Pollen grains are used as food supplements. explain with reason.
Pollen grains are used as food supplements. explain with reason.
Ornithophilous flowers are usually bright in colour. explain with reason.
Ornithophilous flowers are usually bright in colour. explain with reason.
Pollen grains of anemophilous flowers are light,small and winged and are Produced in large numbers.
Pollen grains of anemophilous flowers are light,small and winged and are Produced in large numbers.
State the significance of parthenogenesis
State the significance of parthenogenesis
How subaerial stems help in vegetative propagation?
How subaerial stems help in vegetative propagation?
Maize plants are monoecious and papaya plants are dioecious.Explain.
Maize plants are monoecious and papaya plants are dioecious.Explain.
How does implantation take place in uterine wall?
How does implantation take place in uterine wall?
Identify the given figure and describe the part labelled 'A' and 'B in it'
Identify the given figure and describe the part labelled 'A' and 'B in it'
Pollen -pistil interaction is a safety measure to ensure that illegitimate crossing do not occur . Explain.
Pollen -pistil interaction is a safety measure to ensure that illegitimate crossing do not occur . Explain.
what is semen? give its properties and function.
what is semen? give its properties and function.
Briefly describe the accessory glands in human male reproductive system.
Briefly describe the accessory glands in human male reproductive system.
State three contrivances to ensure autogamy.
State three contrivances to ensure autogamy.
How cleistogamous flowers are different from chasmogamous flowers?
How cleistogamous flowers are different from chasmogamous flowers?
How Does Simple polyembryony differ from adventive polyembryony?
How Does Simple polyembryony differ from adventive polyembryony?
What is the significance of apomixis?
What is the significance of apomixis?
How are sexually transmitted diseases spread?give example of any two STDs with their causative agents.
How are sexually transmitted diseases spread?give example of any two STDs with their causative agents.
A veery useful strategy for detecting disorder in developing embryo is now under statutory ban.Give Reason.
A veery useful strategy for detecting disorder in developing embryo is now under statutory ban.Give Reason.
Which area are covered by the reproduction and child helth care (RCH) Programme?
Which area are covered by the reproduction and child helth care (RCH) Programme?
List out any four derivatives of ectoderm.
List out any four derivatives of ectoderm.
How the three germ layers formed in human embryo?
How the three germ layers formed in human embryo?
What is spermatogenesis? Which major events take place during the following stages of formation of spermatids? (a) Multiplication phase (b) Growth phase (c) Maturation phase
What is spermatogenesis? Which major events take place
during the following stages of formation of spermatids?
(a) Multiplication phase
(b) Growth phase
(c) Maturation phase
The mature embryo sac of an angiosperm is 7-celled and 8-necleate structure.Explain this with appropriate diagram
The mature embryo sac of an angiosperm is 7-celled and 8-necleate structure.Explain this with appropriate diagram
How the production of progesterone gets increased in secretory phase?
How the production of progesterone gets increased in secretory phase?
At which phase of menstrual cycle does LH attain a peak level?state the main feature of the phase.
At which phase of menstrual cycle does LH attain a peak level?state the main feature of the phase.
How porogamy differs from chalazogamy and mesogamy?
How porogamy differs from chalazogamy and mesogamy?
Draw a well leblled Plants L.S. of pistil showing pollen tube entering the embryo sac.
Draw a well leblled Plants L.S. of pistil showing pollen tube entering the embryo sac.
How monocarpic Plants differ from polycarpic plants?
How monocarpic Plants differ from polycarpic plants?
WHat are the different types of syngamy on the basic of stricture of fusing gameters?
WHat are the different types of syngamy on the basic of stricture of fusing gameters?
Coconut has both multicellular and free nuclear endosperm. Explain the types.
Coconut has both multicellular and free nuclear endosperm. Explain the types.
What is CuT? How is it effective among barrier methods?
What is CuT? How is it effective among barrier methods?
how zoospores differ from conindia in lower group of organisms?
how zoospores differ from conindia in lower group of organisms?
Pollen grains are well preserved as microfossils due to the presence of sporopollenin. Explain the Statement.
Pollen grains are well preserved as microfossils due to the presence of sporopollenin. Explain the Statement.
How does cortical reaction prevents the entry of additional sperms into ovum?
How does cortical reaction prevents the entry of additional sperms into ovum?
Sertoli cells secrete androgen binding protein and inhibin explain their functions.
Sertoli cells secrete androgen binding protein and inhibin explain their functions.
Organisms produced through asexual reproduction have low adaptability to the changing environment.Justify the statement.
Organisms produced through asexual reproduction have low adaptability to the changing environment.Justify the statement.
What is the function of suspensor cell in a dividing dicot embryo?
What is the function of suspensor cell in a dividing dicot embryo?
How ZIFT is different from IUT?
How ZIFT is different from IUT?
What is the name of the space that appears between epiblast and trophoblast in a developing human embryo?
What is the name of the space that appears between epiblast and trophoblast in a developing human embryo?
How does dicliny differs from prepotency as two outbreeding contrivances?
How does dicliny differs from prepotency as two outbreeding contrivances?
The Chance of survival among young ones of viviparous animals are more than those of oviparous animals, why?
The Chance of survival among young ones of viviparous animals are more than those of oviparous animals, why?
Name an Organism showing oblique binary fission.
Name an Organism showing oblique binary fission.
Why do we talk in our steep? Why we see unknown faces in the dream.
Why do we talk in our steep? Why we see unknown faces in the dream.
Why do we talk in our steep? Why we see unknown faces in the dream.
Why do we talk in our steep? Why we see unknown faces in the dream.
What are paracetamol and steroidal drugs and how a mystery and much work has to be done to join the links do they work?
What are paracetamol and steroidal drugs and how a mystery and much work has to be done to join the links do they work?
What is PRIONS
What is PRIONS
What is VIROIDS
What is VIROIDS
Explain the Lytic cycle of VIRUS.
Explain the Lytic cycle of VIRUS.
Explain How Viruses are Intermediate between Living and Non-Living things.
Explain How Viruses are Intermediate between Living and Non-Living things.
Explain the Types Of VIRUS.
Explain the Types Of VIRUS.
Explain The Virus Components
Explain The Virus Components
Explain The Structure of Virus.
Explain The Structure of Virus.
Explain The Structure of Virus.
Explain The Structure of Virus.
What is VIRUS.
What is VIRUS.
Explain the Significance of mitosis
What is the Significance of mitosis
Explain Mitosis or Equational Division
Explain Mitosis or Equational Division
What is Cell Division.
What is Cell Division.
Explain Cell Cycle .
Explain Cell Cycle .
Explain the Inhibition of Enzyme Action
Explain the Inhibition of Enzyme Action
What Factors Affecting Enzyme Activity :
Explain Factors Affecting Enzyme Activity :
What is Activation Energy?
Explain The Activation Energy?
Explain The Mechanism of Enzyme Action :
Explain The Mechanism of Enzyme Action :
What is ENZYMES
What is ENZYMES
What is PRIMARY AND SECONDARY METABOLITES:
What is PRIMARY AND SECONDARY METABOLITES:
What is NUCLEIC ACIDS
What is NUCLEIC ACIDS
What is NUCLEOTIDES
What is NUCLEOTIDES
Comparison of various Polysccharides
Comparison of various Polysccharides
Explain te Function of Proteins.
Explain te Function of Proteins.
Explain the Structure of Proteins
Explain the Structure of Proteins
What is PROTEINS.
What is PROTEINS.
Explain the Function of LIPID.
What is the Function of LIPID.
What is LIPID ?
What is LIPID.
Explain is the Function of Glycogen
What is the Function of Glycogen
What is the location of Glycogen.
What is the location of Glycogen.
What is function of starch.
What is function of starch.
What is location of Starch
What is location of Starch
What is Function of cellulose.
What is Function of cellulose.
What is location of cellulose
What is location of cellulose
Explain the CARBOHYDRATES
WHat is CARBOHYDRATES
What is BioMolecules ,macromolecules. micromolecules.
What is BioMolecules ,macromolecules. micromolecules.
Explain the Structure and Function Centrosome and Centrioles.
Explain the Structure and Function Centrosome and Centrioles.
Please explain the structure and function of Cilia and Flagella.
Please explain the structure and function of Cilia and Flagella.
Explain the Structure and Function of Cytoskeleton.
Explain the Structure and Function of Cytoskeleton.
Explain the function and Structure of Glyoxysomes.
Explain the function and Structure of Glyoxysomes.
Explain The Structure and function of Peroxisomes:
Explain The Structure and function of Peroxisomes:
Explain The Structure and Function of Nucleus
Explain The Structure and Function of Nucleus
EXPLAIN THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF Plastids .
EXPLAIN THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF Plastids .
EXPLAIN THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF Mitochondria.
EXPLAIN THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF Mitochondria.
Explain the Structure and Function of Ribosomes.
Explain the Structure and Function of Ribosomes.
Explain the Structure and Function of Vacuoles.
Explain the Structure and Function of Vacuoles.
Explain the Structure and Function of Lysosomes.
Explain the Structure and Function of Lysosomes.
Explain the Structure and Function of Golgi Complex.
Explain the Structure and Function of Golgi Complex.
Explain the Structure and Function of ENDOMEMBRANE SYSTEM.
Explain the Structure and Function of ENDOMEMBRANE SYSTEM.
Explain Structure and Function of Cytoplasm and Cytoplasmic Matrix
Explain Structure and Function of Cytoplasm and Cytoplasmic Matrix
Explain the Cell Membrane Structure and Function
Explain the Cell Membrane Structure and Function
What is difference between Prokaryotic cell and Eukaryotic cell.
What is difference between Prokaryotic cell and Eukaryotic cell.
Explain Cell Wall and Their Structure and Function
Explain Cell Wall and Their Structure and Function
Describe briefly Ultraviolet B
Describe briefly Ultraviolet B
Describe briefly Catalytic converter
Describe briefly Catalytic converter
Describe briefly Greenhouse gases
Describe briefly Greenhouse gases
What initiatives were taken for reducing vehicular air pollution in Delhi? Has air quality improved in Delhi?
What initiatives were taken for reducing vehicular air pollution in Delhi? Has air quality improved in Delhi?
Describe briefly Municipal solid wastes
Describe briefly Municipal solid wastes
Describe briefly Defunct ships and e-wastes
Describe briefly Defunct ships and e-wastes
Describe briefly Radioactive wastes
Describe briefly Radioactive wastes
What measures, as an individual, you would take to reduce environmental pollution?
What measures, as an individual, you would take to reduce environmental pollution?
Discuss the role of women and communities in protection and conservation of forests.
Discuss the role of women and communities in protection and conservation of forests.
Why ozone hole forms over Antarctica? How will enhanced ultraviolet Radiations affect us?
Why ozone hole forms over Antarctica? How will enhanced ultraviolet Radiations affect us?
Write critical notes on the following: (a) Eutrophication (b) Biological magnification (c) Groundwater depletion and ways for its replenishment
Write critical notes on the following:
(a) Eutrophication
(b) Biological magnification
(c) Groundwater depletion and ways for its replenishment
Discuss the causes and effects of global warming. What measures need to be taken to control global warming?
Discuss the causes and effects of global warming. What measures need to be taken to control global warming?
List all the wastes that you generate, at home, school or during your Trips to other places, could you very easily reduce? Which would be Difficult or rather impossible to reduce?
List all the wastes that you generate, at home, school or during your Trips to other places, could you very easily reduce? Which would be Difficult or rather impossible to reduce?
What are the various constituents of domestic sewage? Discuss the effects of sewage discharge on a river.
What are the various constituents of domestic sewage? Discuss the effects of sewage discharge on a river.
Can you think of a situation where we deliberately want to make a species extinct? How would you justify it?
Can you think of a situation where we deliberately want to make a species extinct? How would you justify it?
What measures, as an individual, you would take to reduce environmental pollution?
What measures, as an individual, you would take to reduce environmental pollution?
Among the ecosystem services are control of floods and soil erosion. How is this achieved by the biotic components of the ecosystem?
Among the ecosystem services are control of floods and soil erosion. How is this achieved by the biotic components of the ecosystem?
What are sacred groves? What is their role in conservation?
What are sacred groves? What is their role in conservation?
How is biodiversity important for ecosystem functioning?
How is biodiversity important for ecosystem functioning?
What are the major causes of species losses in a geographical region?
What are the major causes of species losses in a geographical region?
What is the significance of the slope of regression in a species − area relationship?
What is the significance of the slope of regression in a species − area relationship?
Give three hypotheses for explaining why tropics show greatest levels of species richness.
Give three hypotheses for explaining why tropics show greatest levels of species richness.
How do ecologists estimate the total number of species present in the world?
How do ecologists estimate the total number of species present in the world?
Name the three important components of biodiversity
Name the three important components of biodiversity
Outline salient features of carbon cycling in an ecosystem
Outline salient features of carbon cycling in an ecosystem
Write important features of a sedimentary cycle in an ecosystem.
Write important features of a sedimentary cycle in an ecosystem.
Give an account of energy flow in an ecosystem.
Give an account of energy flow in an ecosystem.
Define decomposition and describe the processes and products of decomposition.
Define decomposition and describe the processes and products of decomposition.
What is primary productivity? Give brief description of factors that affect primary productivity.
What is primary productivity? Give brief description of factors that affect primary
productivity.
Define ecological pyramids and describe with examples, pyramids of number and biomass.
Define ecological pyramids and describe with examples, pyramids of number and
biomass.
Describe the components of an ecosystem
Describe the components of an ecosystem
Difference Between Primary and secondary productivity
Difference Between Primary and secondary productivity
Difference Between Litter and detritus
Difference Between Litter and detritus
Deference between Food chain and Food web
Deference between Food chain and Food web
Difference Between Upright and inverted pyramid
Difference Between Upright and inverted pyramid
difference Between (b) Production and decomposition
difference Between (b) Production and decomposition
Difference Between Grazing food chain and detritus food chain
Difference Between Grazing food chain and detritus food chain
List any three important characteristics of a population and explain
List any three important characteristics of a population and explain
Select the statement which explains best parasitism. (a) One organism is benefited. (b) Both the organisms are benefited. (c) One organism is benefited, other is not affected. (d) One organism is benefited, other is affected.
Select the statement which explains best parasitism.
(a) One organism is benefited.
(b) Both the organisms are benefited.
(c) One organism is benefited, other is not affected.
(d) One organism is benefited, other is affected.
With the help of suitable diagram describe the logistic population growth curve.
With the help of suitable diagram describe the logistic population growth curve.
Define the following terms and give one example for each: (a) Commensalism (b) Parasitism (c) Camouflage (d) Mutualism (e) Interspecific competition
Define the following terms and give one example for each:
(a) Commensalism
(b) Parasitism
(c) Camouflage
(d) Mutualism
(e) Interspecific competition
Define population and community
Define population and community
Give an example for: (a) An endothermic animal (b) An ectothermic animal (c) An organism of benthic zone
Give an example for:
(a) An endothermic animal
(b) An ectothermic animal
(c) An organism of benthic zone
Define decomposition and describe the processes and products of decomposition.
Define decomposition and describe the processes and products of decomposition.
Write a short note on (a) Adaptations of desert plants and animals (b) Adaptations of plants to water scarcity (c) Behavioural adaptations in animals (d) Importance of light to plants (e) Effect of temperature or water scarcity and the adaptations of animals.
Write a short note on
(a) Adaptations of desert plants and animals
(b) Adaptations of plants to water scarcity
(c) Behavioural adaptations in animals
(d) Importance of light to plants
(e) Effect of temperature or water scarcity and the adaptations of animals.
Distinguish between the following: (a) Hibernation and Aestivation (b) Ectotherms and Endotherms
Distinguish between the following:
(a) Hibernation and Aestivation
(b) Ectotherms and Endotherms
What is the ecological principle behind the biological control method of managing with pest insects
What is the ecological principle behind the biological control method of managing with
pest insects
An orchid plant is growing on the branch of mango tree. How do you describe this interaction between the orchid and the mango tree?
An orchid plant is growing on the branch of mango tree. How do you describe this interaction between the orchid and the mango tree?
Name important defence mechanisms in plants against herbivory.
Name important defence mechanisms in plants against herbivory.
If a population growing exponentially double in size in 3 years, what is the intrinsic rate of increase (r) of the population?
If a population growing exponentially double in size in 3 years, what is the intrinsic rate of increase (r) of the population?
List the attributes that populations but not individuals possess.
List the attributes that populations but not individuals possess.
Most living organisms cannot survive at temperature above 45°C°. How are some microbes able to live in habitats with temperatures exceeding 100°C?
Most living organisms cannot survive at temperature above 45°C°. How are some microbes able to live in habitats with temperatures exceeding 100°C?
Define phenotypic adaptation. Give one example.
Define phenotypic adaptation. Give one example.
If a marine fish is placed in a fresh water aquarium, will the fish be able to survive? Why or why not?
If a marine fish is placed in a fresh water aquarium, will the fish be able to survive? Why or why not?
How is diapause different from hibernation?
How is diapause different from hibernation?
Consult internet and find out how to make orally active protein pharmaceutical. What is the major problem to be encountered?
Consult internet and find out how to make orally active protein pharmaceutical. What is the major problem to be encountered?
Does our blood have proteases and nucleases
Does our blood have proteases and nucleases
Find out from internet what is golden rice.
Find out from internet what is golden rice.
Can you suggest a method to remove oil (hydrocarbon) from seeds based on your understanding of rDNA technology and chemistry of oil?
Can you suggest a method to remove oil (hydrocarbon) from seeds based on your understanding of rDNA technology and chemistry of oil?
Diagrammatically represent the experimental steps in cloning and expressing an human gene (say the gene for growth hormone) into a bacterium like E. coli ?
Diagrammatically represent the experimental steps in cloning and expressing an human
gene (say the gene for growth hormone) into a bacterium like E. coli ?
Diagrammatically represent the experimental steps in cloning and expressing an human
Diagrammatically represent the experimental steps in cloning and expressing an human
What is gene therapy? Illustrate using the example of adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency.
What is gene therapy? Illustrate using the example of adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency.
What are Cry proteins? Name an organism that produces it. How has man exploited this protein to his benefit?
What are Cry proteins? Name an organism that produces it. How has man exploited this
protein to his benefit?
Compare and contrast the advantages and disadvantages of production of genetically modified crops.
Compare and contrast the advantages and disadvantages of production of genetically modified crops.
What are transgenic bacteria? Illustrate using any one example.
What are transgenic bacteria? Illustrate using any one example.
Crystals of Bt toxin produced by some bacteria do not kill the bacteria themselves because − (a) bacteria are resistant to the toxin (b) toxin is immature: (c) toxin is inactive: (d) bacteria encloses toxin in a special sac.
Crystals of Bt toxin produced by some bacteria do not kill the bacteria themselves because −
(a) bacteria are resistant to the toxin
(b) toxin is immature:
(c) toxin is inactive:
(d) bacteria encloses toxin in a special sac.
How do biofertilisers enrich the fertility of the soil?
How do biofertilisers enrich the fertility of the soil?
Arrange the following in the decreasing order (most important first) of their importance, for the welfare of human society. Give reasons for your answer. Biogas, Citric acid, Penicillin and Curd
Arrange the following in the decreasing order (most important first) of their importance, for the welfare of human society. Give reasons for your answer. Biogas, Citric acid, Penicillin and Curd
Find out the role of microbes in the following and discuss it with your teacher. (a) Single cell protein (SCP) (b) Soil
Find out the role of microbes in the following and discuss it with your teacher.
(a) Single cell protein (SCP)
(b) Soil
Three water samples namely river water, untreated sewage water and secondary effluent discharged from a sewage treatment plant were subjected to BOD test. The samples were labelled A, B and C; but the laboratory attendant did not note which was which. The BOD values of the three samples A, B and C were recorded as 20mg/L, 8mg/L and 400mg/L, respectively. Which sample of the water is most polluted? Can you assign the correct label to each assuming the river water is relatively clean?
Three water samples namely river water, untreated sewage water and secondary effluent discharged from a sewage treatment plant were subjected to BOD test. The samples were labelled A, B and C; but the laboratory attendant did not note which was which. The BOD values of the three samples A, B and C were recorded as 20mg/L, 8mg/L and 400mg/L, respectively. Which sample of the water is most polluted? Can you assign the correct label to each assuming the river water is relatively clean?
Microbes can be used to decrease the use of chemical fertilisers and pesticides. Explain how this can be accomplished.
Microbes can be used to decrease the use of chemical fertilisers and pesticides. Explain how this can be accomplished.
Do you think microbes can also be used as source of energy? If yes, how?
Do you think microbes can also be used as source of energy? If yes, how?
What is the key difference between primary and secondary sewage treatment?
What is the key difference between primary and secondary sewage treatment?
What is sewage? In which way can sewage be harmful to us?
What is sewage? In which way can sewage be harmful to us?
Name any two species of fungus, which are used in the production of the antibiotics.
Name any two species of fungus, which are used in the production of the antibiotics.
In which way have microbes played a major role in controlling diseases caused by harmful bacteria?
In which way have microbes played a major role in controlling diseases caused by harmful bacteria?
Name some traditional Indian foods made of wheat, rice and Bengal gram (or their products) which involve use of microbes
Name some traditional Indian foods made of wheat, rice and Bengal gram (or their products) which involve use of microbes
In which food would you find lactic acid bacteria? Mention some of their useful applications
In which food would you find lactic acid bacteria? Mention some of their useful applications
Give examples to prove that microbes release gases during metabolism.
Give examples to prove that microbes release gases during metabolism.
Bacteria cannot be seen with the naked eyes, but these can be seen with the help of a microscope. If you have to carry a sample from your home to your biology laboratory to demonstrate the presence of microbes under a microscope, which sample would you carry and why?
Bacteria cannot be seen with the naked eyes, but these can be seen with the help of a microscope. If you have to carry a sample from your home to your biology laboratory to demonstrate the presence of microbes under a microscope, which sample would you carry and why?
Name any five hybrid varieties of crop plants which have been developed in India.
Name any five hybrid varieties of crop plants which have been developed in India.
Find out what the various components of the medium used for propagation of explants in vitro are?
Find out what the various components of the medium used for propagation of explants in vitro are?
What is the major advantage of producing plants by micropropagation?
What is the major advantage of producing plants by micropropagation?
Which part of the plant is best suited for making virus-free plants and why?
Which part of the plant is best suited for making virus-free plants and why?
Explain what is meant by biofortification.
Explain what is meant by biofortification.
Briefly describe various steps involved in plant breeding.
Briefly describe various steps involved in plant breeding.
Discuss the role of fishery in enhancement of food production.
Discuss the role of fishery in enhancement of food production.
What is apiculture? How is it important in our lives?
What is apiculture? How is it important in our lives?
Name the methods employed in animal breeding. According to you which one of the methods is best? Why
Name the methods employed in animal breeding. According to you which one of the methods is best? Why
What is meant by the term ‘breed’? What are the objectives of animal breeding?
What is meant by the term ‘breed’? What are the objectives of animal breeding?
If your family owned a dairy farm, what measures would you undertake to improve the quality and quantity of milk production?
If your family owned a dairy farm, what measures would you undertake to improve the quality and quantity of milk production?
Explain in brief the role of animal husbandry in human welfare.
Please Explain in brief the role of animal husbandry in human welfare.
In your view what motivates youngsters to take to alcohol or drugs and how can this be avoided?
In your view what motivates youngsters to take to alcohol or drugs and how can this be avoided?
Why is that once a person starts taking alcohol or drugs, it is difficult to get rid of this habit? Discuss it with your teacher
Why is that once a person starts taking alcohol or drugs, it is difficult to get rid of
this habit? Discuss it with your teacher
Do you think that friends can influence one to take alcohol/drugs? If yes, how may one protect himself/herself from such an influence?
Do you think that friends can influence one to take alcohol/drugs? If yes, how may one protect himself/herself from such an influence?
List the harmful effects caused by alcohol/drug abuse
List the harmful effects caused by alcohol/drug abuse
Explain what is meant by metastasis
Explain what is meant by metastasis
What is the mechanism by which the AIDS virus causes deficiency of immune system of the infected person?
What is the mechanism by which the AIDS virus causes deficiency of immune system of the infected person?
AIDS (Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome) is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) via sexual or blood-blood contact. After entering the human body, the HIV virus attacks and enters the macrophages. Inside the macrophages, the RNA of the virus replicates with the help of enzyme reverse transcriptase and gives rise to viral DNA. Then, this viral DNA incorporates into the host DNA and directs the synthesis of virus particles. At the same time, HIV enters helper T- lymphocytes. It replicates and produces viral progeny there. These newly formed progeny viruses get released into the blood, attacking other healthy helper T- lymphocytes in the body. As a result, the number of T-lymphocytes in the body of an infected person decreases progressively, thereby decreasing the immunity of a person.
AIDS (Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome) is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) via sexual or blood-blood contact. After entering the human body, the HIV virus attacks and enters the macrophages. Inside the macrophages, the RNA of the virus replicates with the help of enzyme reverse transcriptase and gives rise to viral DNA. Then, this viral DNA incorporates into the host DNA and directs the synthesis of virus particles. At the same time, HIV enters helper T- lymphocytes. It replicates and produces viral progeny there. These newly formed progeny viruses get released into the blood, attacking other healthy helper T- lymphocytes in the body. As a result, the number of T-lymphocytes in the body of an infected person decreases progressively, thereby decreasing the immunity of a person.
What is the mechanism by which the AIDS virus causes deficiency of immune system of the infected person?
What is the mechanism by which the AIDS virus causes deficiency of immune system of the infected person?
What are the various routes by which transmission of human immunodeficiency virus takes place?
What are the various routes by which transmission of human immunodeficiency virus takes place?
Differentiate the following and give examples of each: (a) Innate and acquired immunity (b) Active and passive immunity
Differentiate the following and give examples of each:
(a) Innate and acquired immunity
(b) Active and passive immunity
The following are some well-known abbreviations, which have been used in this chapter. Expand each one to its full form: Â NACO Â HIV Â MALT Â CMI Â AIDS
The following are some well-known abbreviations, which have been used in this chapter. Expand each one to its full form:
NACO
HIV
MALT
CMI
AIDS
Name the primary and secondary lymphoid organs.
Name the primary and secondary lymphoid organs.
Discuss with your teacher what does ‘a suitable gene’ means, in the context of DNA vaccines.
Discuss with your teacher what does ‘a suitable gene’ means, in the context of DNA vaccines.
What measure would you take to prevent water-borne diseases?
What measure would you take to prevent water-borne diseases?
How does the transmission of each of the following diseases take place? (a) Amoebiasis (b) Malaria (c) Ascariasis (d) Pneumonia
How does the transmission of each of the following diseases take place?
(a) Amoebiasis
(b) Malaria
(c) Ascariasis
(d) Pneumonia
In which way has the study of biology helped us to control infectious diseases?
In which way has the study of biology helped us to control infectious diseases?
What are the various public health measures, which you would suggest as safeguard against infectious diseases?
What are the various public health measures, which you would suggest as safeguard against infectious diseases?
Using various resources such as your school library or the internet and discussions with your teacher, trace the evolutionary stages of any one animal say horse.
Using various resources such as your school library or the internet and discussions with your teacher, trace the evolutionary stages of any one animal say horse.
Can we call human evolution as adaptive radiation
Can we call human evolution as adaptive radiation
Describe one example of adaptive radiation
Describe one example of adaptive radiation
Practise drawing various animals and plants.
Practise drawing various animals and plants.
List 10 modern-day animals and using the internet resources link it to a corresponding ancient fossil. Name both.
List Ten modern-day animals and using the internet resources link it to a corresponding ancient fossil.
please Name both.
Find out through internet and popular science articles whether animals other than man have self-consciousness.
Find out through internet and popular science articles whether animals other than man have self-consciousness.
Attempt giving a clear definition of the term species
Attempt giving a clear definition of the term species
Find out from newspapers and popular science articles any new fossil discoveries or controversies about evolution.
Find out from newspapers and popular science articles any new fossil discoveries or controversies about evolution.
Explain antibiotic resistance observed in bacteria in light of Darwinian selection theory
Explain antibiotic resistance observed in bacteria in light of Darwinian selection theory
Briefly describe the following: (a) Transcription (b) Polymorphism (c) Translation (d) Bioinformatics
Briefly describe the following:
(a) Transcription
(b) Polymorphism
(c) Translation
(d) Bioinformatics
What is DNA fingerprinting? Mention its application
What is DNA fingerprinting? Mention its application
Why is the Human Genome project called a mega project?
Why is the Human Genome project called a mega project?
Explain (in one or two lines) the function of the followings: (a) Promoter (b) tRNA (c) Exons
Explain (in one or two lines) the function of the followings:
(a) Promoter
(b) tRNA
(c) Exons
In the medium where E. coli was growing, lactose was added, which induced the lac operon. Then, why does lac operon shut down some time after addition of lactose in the medium?
In the medium where E. coli was growing, lactose was added, which induced the lac operon. Then, why does lac operon shut down some time after addition of lactose in the medium?
List two essential roles of ribosome during translation.
List two essential roles of ribosome during translation.
difference between Template strand and Coding strand
difference between Template strand and Coding strand
Differentiate between mRNA and tRNA
Differentiate between mRNA and tRNA
Differentiate between the Repetitive DNA and Satellite DNA
Differentiate between the Repetitive DNA and Satellite DNA
How did Hershey and Chase differentiate between DNA and protein in their experiment while proving that DNA is the genetic material?
How did Hershey and Chase differentiate between DNA and protein in their experiment while proving that DNA is the genetic material?
Depending upon the chemical nature of the template (DNA or RNA) and the nature of nucleic acids synthesised from it (DNA or RNA), list the types of nucleic acid polymerases.
Depending upon the chemical nature of the template (DNA or RNA) and the nature of nucleic acids synthesised from it (DNA or RNA), list the types of nucleic acid polymerases.
Which property of DNA double helix led Watson and Crick to hypothesise semi- conservative mode of DNA replication? Explain.
Which property of DNA double helix led Watson and Crick to hypothesise semi- conservative mode of DNA replication? Explain.
If the sequence of the coding strand in a transcription unit is written as follows: 5′-ATGCATGCATGCATGCATGCATGCATGC-3′ Write down the sequence of mRNA.
If the sequence of the coding strand in a transcription unit is written as follows:
5′-ATGCATGCATGCATGCATGCATGCATGC-3′ Write down the sequence of mRNA.
If the sequence of one strand of DNA is written as follows: 5′-ATGCATGCATGCATGCATGCATGCATGC-3′ Write down the sequence of complementary strand in 5’→3′ direction
If the sequence of one strand of DNA is written as follows:
5′-ATGCATGCATGCATGCATGCATGCATGC-3′
Write down the sequence of complementary strand in 5’→3′ direction
If a double stranded DNA has 20 per cent of cytosine, calculate the per cent of adenine in the DNA.
If a double stranded DNA has 20 per cent of cytosine, calculate the per cent of adenine in the DNA.
Group the following as nitrogenous bases and nucleosides: Adenine, Cytidine, Thymine, Guanosine, Uracil and Cytosine.
Group the following as nitrogenous bases and nucleosides: Adenine, Cytidine, Thymine, Guanosine, Uracil and Cytosine.
Mention any two autosomal genetic disorders with their symptoms.
Mention any two autosomal genetic disorders with their symptoms.
Who had proposed the chromosomal theory of inheritance?
Who had proposed the chromosomal theory of inheritance?
What is point mutation? Give one example
What is point mutation? Give one example
Explain the following terms with example (a) Co-dominance (b) Incomplete dominance Answer (a) Co-dominance
Explain the following terms with example
(a) Co-dominance
(b) Incomplete dominance
A child has blood group O. If the father has blood group A and mother blood group B, work out the genotypes of the parents and the possible genotypes of the other offsprings.
A child has blood group O. If the father has blood group A and mother blood group B, work out the genotypes of the parents and the possible genotypes of the other offsprings.
How is sex determined in human beings?
How is sex determined in human beings?
What is pedigree analysis? Suggest how such an analysis, can be useful.
What is pedigree analysis? Suggest how such an analysis, can be useful.
Briefly mention the contribution of T.H. Morgan in genetics
Two heterozygous parents are crossed. If the two loci are linked what would be the distribution of phenotypic features in F1 generation for a dihybrid cross?
Two heterozygous parents are crossed. If the two loci are linked what would be the distribution of phenotypic features in F1 generation for a dihybrid cross?
When a cross in made between tall plants with yellow seeds (TtYy) and tall plant with green seed (TtYy), what proportions of phenotype in the offspring could be expected to be (a) Tall and green. (b) Dwarf and green.
When a cross in made between tall plants with yellow seeds (TtYy) and tall plant with
green seed (TtYy), what proportions of phenotype in the offspring could be expected to be
(a) Tall and green.
(b) Dwarf and green.
Using a Punnett square, work out the distribution of phenotypic features in the first filial generation after a cross between a homozygous female and a heterozygous male for a single locus.
Using a Punnett square, work out the distribution of phenotypic features in the first filial generation after a cross between a homozygous female and a heterozygous male for a single locus.
Define and design a test − cross?
Define and design a test − cross?
Explain the Law of Dominance using a monohybrid cross.
Explain the Law of Dominance using a monohybrid cross.
A diploid organism is heterozygous for 4 loci, how many types of gametes can be produced?
A diploid organism is heterozygous for 4 loci, how many types of gametes can be
produced?
What is the difference between the Dominance and Recessive
What is the difference between the Dominance and Recessive
Mention the advantages of selecting pea plant for experiment by Mendel.
Mention the advantages of selecting pea plant for experiment by Mendel.
Correct the following statements: (a) Surgical methods of contraception prevent gamete formation. (b) All sexually transmitted diseases are completely curable. (c) Oral pills are very popular contraceptives among the rural women. (d) In E. T. techniques, embryos are always transferred into the uterus.
Correct the following statements:
(a) Surgical methods of contraception prevent gamete formation.
(b) All sexually transmitted diseases are completely curable.
(c) Oral pills are very popular contraceptives among the rural women.
(d) In E. T. techniques, embryos are always transferred into the uterus.
State True/False with explanation
(a) Abortions could happen spontaneously too. (True/False)
(b) Infertility is defined as the inability to produce a viable offspring and is always due to abnormalities/defects in the female partner. (True/False)
(c) Complete lactation could help as a natural method of contraception. (True/False)
(d) Creating awareness about sex related aspects is an effective method to improve reproductive health of the people. (True/False)
What are the measures one has to take to prevent from contracting STDs?
What are the measures one has to take to prevent from contracting STDs?
Suggest some methods to assist infertile couples to have children
Amniocentesis for sex determination is banned in our country. Is this ban necessary? Comment.
Removal of gonads cannot be considered as a contraceptive option. Why?
Removal of gonads cannot be considered as a contraceptive option. Why?
Is the use of contraceptives justified? Give reasons.
Is the use of contraceptives justified? Give reasons.
What are the suggested reasons for population explosion?
What are the suggested reasons for population explosion?
Do you think that reproductive health in our country has improved in the past 50 years? If yes, mention some such areas of improvement.
Do you think that reproductive health in our country has improved in the past 50 years? If yes, mention some such areas of improvement.
Is sex education necessary in schools? Why?
Is sex education necessary in schools? Why?
Suggest the aspects of reproductive health which need to be given special attention in the present scenario
Suggest the aspects of reproductive health which need to be given special attention
in the present scenario
What do you think is the significance of reproductive health in a society?
What do you think is the significance of reproductive health in a society?
How many eggs do you think were released by the ovary of a female dog which gave birth to 6 puppies?
How many eggs do you think were released by the ovary of a female dog which gave birth to 6 puppies?
How many eggs are released by a human ovary in a month? How many eggs do you think would have been released if the mother gave birth to identical twins? Would your answer change if the twins born were fraternal?
How many eggs are released by a human ovary in a month? How many eggs do you think would have been released if the mother gave birth to identical twins? Would your answer change if the twins born were fraternal?
In our society the women are often blamed for giving birth to daughters. Can you explain why this is not correct?
In our society the women are often blamed for giving birth to daughters. Can you explain why this is not correct?
What is parturition? Which hormones are involved in induction of parturition?
What is parturition? Which hormones are involved in induction of parturition?
What is menstrual cycle? Which hormones regulate menstrual cycle?
What is menstrual cycle? Which hormones regulate menstrual cycle?
Identify True/False statements. Correct each false statement to make it true
Identify True/False statements. Correct each false statement to make it true.
(a) Androgens are produced by Sertoli cells. (True/False)
(b) Spermatozoa get nutrition from Sertoli cells. (True/False)
(c) Leydig cells are found in ovary. (True/False)
(d) Leydig cells synthesise androgens. (True/False)
(e) Oogenesis takes place in corpus luteum. (True/False)
(f) Menstrual cycle ceases during pregnancy. (True/False)
(g) Presence or absence of hymen is not a reliable indicator of virginity or sexual experience. (True/False)
Name the functions of the following. (a) Corpus luteum (b) Endometrium (c) Acrosome (d) Sperm tail (e) Fimbriae
Name the functions of the following.
(a) Corpus luteum
(b) Endometrium
(c) Acrosome
(d) Sperm tail
(e) Fimbriae
What is oogenesis? Give a brief account of oogenesis
What is oogenesis? Give a brief account of oogenesis
What are the major functions of male accessory ducts and glands
What are the major functions of male accessory ducts and glands
What are the major components of seminal plasma?
What are the major components of seminal plasma?
Define spermiogenesis and spermiation.
Define spermiogenesis and spermiation.
Name the hormones involved in regulation of spermatogenesis
Name the hormones involved in regulation of spermatogenesis
What is spermatogenesis? Briefly describe the process of spermatogenesis.
What is spermatogenesis? Briefly describe the process of spermatogenesis.
Describe the structure of a seminiferous tubule.
Describe the structure of a seminiferous tubule.
Write two major functions each of testis and ovary.
Write two major functions each of testis and ovary.
What is apomixis and what is its importance?
What is apomixis and what is its importance?
Explain the role of tapetum in the formation pollen-grain wall.
Explain the role of tapetum in the formation pollen-grain wall.
If one can induce parthenocarpy through the application of growth substances, which fruits would you select to induce parthenocarpy and why?
If one can induce parthenocarpy through the application of growth substances, which fruits would you select to induce parthenocarpy and why?
What is meant by emasculation? When and why does a plant breeder employ this technique?
What is meant by emasculation? When and why does a plant breeder employ this technique?
Why is apple called a false fruit? Which part(s) of the flower forms the fruit?
Why is apple called a false fruit? Which part(s) of the flower forms the fruit?
Differentiate between: (a) Hypocotyl and epicotyl; (b) Coleoptile and coleorrhiza; (c) Integument and testa; (d) Perisperm and pericarp.
Differentiate between:
(a) Hypocotyl and epicotyl;
(b) Coleoptile and coleorrhiza;
(c) Integument and testa;
(d) Perisperm and pericarp.
Why do you think the zygote is dormant for sometime in a fertilized ovule?
Why do you think the zygote is dormant for sometime in a fertilized ovule?
What is triple fusion? Where and how does it take place? Name the nuclei involved in triple fusion.
What is triple fusion? Where and how does it take place? Name the nuclei involved in
triple fusion.
What is bagging technique? How is it useful in a plant breeding programme?
What is bagging technique? How is it useful in a plant breeding programme?
What is self-incompatibility? Why does self-pollination not lead to seed formation in self-incompatible species?
What is self-incompatibility? Why does self-pollination not lead to seed formation in self-incompatible species?
Mention two strategies evolved to prevent self-pollination in flowers
Mention two strategies evolved to prevent self-pollination in flowers
What are chasmogamous flowers? Can cross-pollination occur in cleistogamous flowers? Give reasons for your answer
What are chasmogamous flowers? Can cross-pollination occur in cleistogamous flowers? Give reasons for your answer
Explain the 7-celled, 8-nucleate nature of the female gametophyte.
Explain the 7-celled, 8-nucleate nature of the female gametophyte.
What is meant by monosporic development of female gametophyte?
What is meant by monosporic development of female gametophyte?
What is meant by monosporic development of female gametophyte?
What is meant by monosporic development of female gametophyte?
describe the parts of a typical angiosperm ovule.
describe the parts of a typical angiosperm ovule.
describe the parts of a typical angiosperm ovule.
describe the parts of a typical angiosperm ovule.
Arrange the following terms in the correct developmental sequence: Pollen grain, sporogenous tissue, microspore tetrad, pollen mother cell, male gametes
Arrange the following terms in the correct developmental sequence:
Pollen grain, sporogenous tissue, microspore tetrad, pollen mother cell, male gametes
Differentiate between microsporogenesis and megasporogenesis. Which type of cell division occurs during these events? Name the structures formed at the end of these two events.
Differentiate between microsporogenesis and megasporogenesis. Which type of cell division occurs during these events? Name the structures formed at the end of these two events.
Name the parts of an angiosperm flower in which development of male and female gametophyte take place
Name the parts of an angiosperm flower in which development of male and female gametophyte take place
Differentiate between gametogenesis from embryogenesis.
Differentiate between gametogenesis from embryogenesis.
Why are offspring of oviparous animals at a greater risk as compared to offspring of viviparous animals?
Why are offspring of oviparous animals at a greater risk as compared to offspring of viviparous animals?
Examine a few flowers of any cucurbit plant and try to identify the staminate and pistillate flowers. Do you know any other plant that bears unisexual flowers?
Examine a few flowers of any cucurbit plant and try to identify the staminate and
pistillate flowers. Do you know any other plant that bears unisexual flowers?
What is a bisexual flower? Collect five bisexual flowers from your neighborhood and with the help of your teacher find out their common and scientific names
What is a bisexual flower? Collect five bisexual flowers from your neighborhood and with the help of your teacher find out their common and scientific names
Describe the post-fertilization changes in a flower
Describe the post-fertilization changes in a flower
Differentiate between a zoospore and a zygote
Differentiate between a zoospore and a zygote
Define external fertilization. Mention its disadvantages
Define external fertilization. Mention its disadvantages
Explain why meiosis and gametogenesis are always interlinked?
Explain why meiosis and gametogenesis are always interlinked?
Higher organisms have resorted to sexual reproduction in spite of its complexity. Why?
Higher organisms have resorted to sexual reproduction in spite of its complexity.
Why?
Define (a) Juvenile phase, (b) Reproductive phase, (c) Senescent phase.
Define
(a) Juvenile phase,
(b) Reproductive phase,
(c) Senescent phase.
What is vegetative propagation? Give two suitable examples.
What is vegetative propagation? Give two suitable examples.
How does the progeny formed from asexual reproduction differ from those formed by sexual reproduction?
How does the progeny formed from asexual reproduction differ from those formed by sexual reproduction?
Offspring formed due to sexual reproduction have better chances of survival. Why? Is this statement always true?
Offspring formed due to sexual reproduction have better chances of survival. Why? Is this statement always true?
Why is reproduction essential for organisms?
Why is reproduction essential for organisms?
Why is the offspring formed by asexual reproduction referred to as clone?
Why is the offspring formed by asexual reproduction referred to as clone?
Which is a better mode of reproduction sexual or asexual and Why?
Which is a better mode of reproduction sexual or asexual
Why is reproduction essential for organisms?
Why is reproduction essential for organisms?
How Steroid hormone Produce
How Steroid hormone Produce
Which organ of the body produces the fluid known as bile?
Which organ of the body produces the fluid known as bile?
yellow dust appears on the fingers, whenever we touch the middle of a flower. These tiny yellow grains are one of the most precious substances in nature because they contain the secret of plant life. What is this dust called?
yellow dust appears on the fingers, whenever we touch the middle of a flower. These tiny yellow grains are one of the most precious substances in nature because they contain the secret of plant life. What is this dust called?
What is air-borne disease?
What is air-borne disease?
Which veins have the littlest measurement?
Which veins have the littlest measurement?
What makes a reptile a reptile?
What makes a reptile a reptile?
Parasites are plants that need
Parasites are plants that need
Which of coming up next isn't an individual from the nutrient B complex?
Which of coming up next isn't an individual from the nutrient B complex?
Which of coming up next is an enormous vein that diverts blood from the heart
Which of coming up next is an enormous vein that diverts blood from the heart
Organisms produced through asexual reproduction have low adaptability to the changing environment. Justify the statement
Organisms produced through asexual reproduction have low adaptability to the changing environment. Justify the statement
How much amount of energy will be liberated from 2 moles of glucose through cellular respiration?
How much amount of energy will be liberated from 2 moles of glucose through cellular respiration?
Why Antibiotics can not kill viruses?
Why Antibiotics can not kill viruses?